In South Africa, where industries deal with the challenges of frequent load shedding, the reliability of an electrical backup standby system becomes a necessity. Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) play a very important role in ensuring seamless operations during power outages. In this blog, we will discuss the differences between transformerless UPSs and transformer-based UPSs, exploring their key features and benefits in South Africa’s energy landscape dominated by ESKOM.
When it comes to choosing a UPS, it may be difficult to choose between transformerless and transformer-based options, as each variant comes with its own set of advantages and limitations.
What are the Advantages of Transformerless UPS Systems?
Transformerless UPSs stand out as a technological marvel, representing a positive shift in Uninterruptible Power Supplies. The attraction lies in their ability to deliver unparalleled efficiency while addressing the spatial limitations often encountered in industrial and commercial settings, with the added benefit of much-reduced cost as there is very little copper used in their production.
- Smaller Physical Footprint
The key innovation behind transformerless UPSs lies in their elimination of the traditional, bulky transformer component. Instead, these systems leverage cutting-edge technology, such as advanced power electronics and inverters, to provide the necessary voltage regulation and power conversion functions. This departure from conventional designs results in a remarkably compact form factor, making transformerless UPSs an ideal choice for businesses with space constraints. Industries operating in urban centres or confined spaces find transformerless UPSs to be a game-changer, as they can be seamlessly integrated into existing setups without requiring extensive modifications.
- Enhanced Efficiency
The absence of a transformer contributes significantly to the enhanced efficiency of the UPS. Without the energy losses associated with traditional transformers, transformerless UPSs operate with greater effectiveness and offer overall efficiencies of up to 99%, making them very attractive solutions for the data centre environment where energy conservation is a primary driving factor in both design and operation. This increased efficiency directly translates into lower energy consumption, a vital factor for businesses aiming to optimize operational costs.
- Lower Overall Weight
The reduced weight of transformerless UPSs further adds to their appeal. In comparison to their transformer-based counterparts, these systems are notably lighter, easing the burden on infrastructure and facilitating easier installation and maintenance procedures. This characteristic proves especially beneficial in sectors where mobility or rapid deployment is a priority, allowing for greater flexibility in adapting to evolving operational requirements. A great example of this is the AROS Riello Multi Sentry 30-200kVA UPS.
What are the Limitations of Transformerless UPS Systems?
- Voltage Distortion and Harmonics
Transformerless UPSs are more susceptible to voltage distortion and harmonics in the power supply grid. This can potentially impact the quality of power delivered to connected equipment, especially in applications sensitive to harmonic distortions. They should not be used in very dirty supply grid conditions—that’s where the transformer-based UPS will show its strength and long-term reliability.
- Application Specific
Transformerless UPSs might not be the best fit for certain applications that demand specific characteristics provided by transformer-based systems. Industries with critical loads or stringent power quality requirements may find transformer-based UPSs more suitable for their needs, particularly high-demanding loads such as industrial plasma cutters and medical imaging equipment.
- Complex Maintenance
Due to the complex electronic components involved, maintenance and repair of transformerless UPSs can sometimes require more specialized knowledge and skills. This can lead to higher service costs and potentially longer downtime during maintenance activities.
What are the Advantages of Transformer-Based UPS Systems?
Transformer-based UPSs are reliable and durable because of one fundamental component: the transformer. This type of technology has demonstrated its resilience over time, making transformer-based UPSs the go-to for industries that prioritise unwavering stability and reliability in their power supply.
- Voltage Regulation
The high reliability offered by transformer-based UPSs lies in the superior voltage regulation and isolation capabilities provided by the transformer itself. Unlike their transformerless counterparts, these systems leverage the transformer to regulate voltage levels, ensuring a steady and clean power output. The resultant stability is a critical factor for industries where even the slightest deviation in power quality could have severe consequences.
- Protection Against Power Fluctuation
The transformer in these UPSs acts as a barrier against power fluctuations and electrical disturbances. It serves as a shield, isolating sensitive electronic equipment from external threats, such as surges or spikes. This level of protection is particularly vital in South Africa, where the power grid can be notoriously erratic. Transformer-based UPSs thus play a pivotal role in safeguarding valuable and often mission-critical equipment from potential damage, minimizing downtime, and preventing costly disruptions to operations.
- Increased Durability
When the reliability of a power supply becomes even more crucial, transformer-based UPSs excel in providing a constant and stable power source, ensuring that businesses can continue their operations without interruption. The robustness of the transformer also contributes to the UPS system’s longevity, making it a durable solution capable of withstanding the rigors of frequent power fluctuations.
What are the Limitations of Transformer-Based UPS Systems?
- Size and Weight
Transformer-based UPSs tend to have a larger physical footprint and are heavier compared to transformerless alternatives. This can present challenges in terms of installation and possible future maintenance, especially in environments where space is limited, or mobility is a priority.
- Heat Generation
Operating a transformer can result in the UPS producing more heat and lowering efficiencies by 1 or 2 percent. In environments where cooling is a concern, transformer-based UPSs may present challenges because they require slightly bigger cooling units. The Riello MHE UPS is a transformer-based design with ultra-high efficiencies to compensate for this heat factor and allow it to compete with the green requirements for high-efficiency UPS units.
- Higher Initial Cost
Transformer-based UPSs typically have a higher upfront cost due to the inclusion of the transformer and connected components. While they offer long-term reliability and durability, the initial investment can be a deterrent for businesses with budget constraints.
Making the Right Choice
In the search for the ideal UPS system, businesses in South Africa must carefully weigh the advantages and disadvantages of transformerless and transformer-based UPS options. Factors such as space availability, energy efficiency goals, and the criticality of power stability should be considered. Transformerless UPSs shine in environments where space is at a premium and energy efficiency is a top priority. On the other hand, industries that prioritize maximum reliability and can accommodate a larger physical footprint may find transformer-based UPSs to be the better fit. Find out more about the correct UPS for your needs in our blog: A Comprehensive Guide to UPS Solutions for South African Industries.Standby Systems offers a comprehensive range of products and services. Our experienced technical team is ready to advise on the best UPS system and battery solutions for your business’s specific needs. Visit Standby Systems’ website or contact us at 011 794 2541 or 011 794 3406 or WhatsApp 082 450 2361.